Modi also deftly used the Hindutva narrative to question the INDIA bloc’s pro-deprived caste stance. He alleged that reluctance of opposition leaders to visit Ayodhya, which houses not just the Ram temple but also shrines dedicated to Maharshi Valmiki, Mata Shabri, and Nishad Raj, was due to “hatred for Dalits and backwards.”

The opposition coalition was also repeatedly charged with “protecting infiltrators,” whom the central government aimed to remove under the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls completed days before polls were announced. The opposition countered that no infiltrators were detected during the exercise and claimed the term “ghuspaithya” was a dog whistle targeting Muslims, who constitute nearly 17 per cent of Bihar’s population, with a sizeable presence in Seemanchal.

During his speeches, Modi also referenced the abrogation of Article 370, Operation Sindoor, Triple Talaq, and Waqf laws, charging the opposition with “capitulation before religious extremists” for not supporting the government. He touched upon the issue of migration, which has been highlighted as a major poll concern by Jan Suraaj Party founder Prashant Kishor.

The Prime Minister promised that the NDA, if returned to power, would ensure “sons of Bihar get employed on home soil and make their motherland proud.” He expressed delight at the sight of women turning out in large numbers at rallies and polling booths. “Our mothers and sisters have been the worst sufferers of jungle raj,” Modi said, noting that the high turnout of “matri shakti” had effectively built a “fortress around polling booths to keep jungle raj at bay.”